Atlantischer Graben

Sunday, April 6, 2008
Von Michael Kreutz

Amerikaner, so American.com, sind nicht nur religiöser, sondern auch mit ihrem Leben zufriedener als Europäer. Ebenso sind 58% der Amerikaner der Meinung, dass individuelle, selbstbestimmte Freiheit wichtiger ist als staatliche Einmischung zu hehren Zwecken – während in Kontinentaleuropa letzteres favorisiert wird. Gibt es zwischen dem Hang zur Religion und dem zur Selbstbestimmung eine Verbindung?

Möglicherweise hat die Theorie vom Koopertationsvorteil diurch Religion etwas für sich. Zumindest könnte das dort gelten, wo Religion nicht staatlich verordnet wird. In den Worten von Jonathan Sacks:

The striking feature of religion, for Hayek, is its attitude of humility, even reverence, towards the great moral institutions without which our ‘extended order’ could not have developed. It guards against what he calls “the rationalist delusion that man, by exercising his intelligence, invented morals that gave him the power to achieve more than he could ever foresee”. (…)

It is a fascinating argument, and it places Hayek in a line of thinkers – such as Edmund Burke, Max Weber, and most recently Francis Fukuyama – who have reflected not only on the internal morality of markets (what we call nowadays ‘business ethics’) but on the wider question of what kind of society gives rise to and is able to sustain a market economy. The answer which each of them gave – an answer that has been given new salience by the rise of the economies of South East Asia – is that they tend to be societies with a strong respect for certain kinds of tradition.

Like Burke, Hayek combines liberalism in economics and politics with a marked conservatism in morality. Free institutions, they seem to say, are best preserved by a certain piety towards the past.


Siehe auch:

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