Die algerischen Muslimbrüder

Saturday, October 17, 2009
Von Martin Riexinger

Neben der wichtigsten islamistischen Partei, der Front islamique du Salut (FIS), bestand in Algerien eine Filiale der Muslimbruderschaft. Sie wurde nach dem Putsch 1992 nicht verboten und ist heute als Hamas aktiv. Der Name ist einerseits Reminiszenz an die palästinensische Hamas, andererseits Akronym für harakat mujtama’ as-silm, “Bewegung für eine Gesellschaft des Friedens”. Friede, weil es verboten ist, Islam oder islamisch im Parteinamen zu führen.

In dem empfehlenswerten Nordwestafrika-Blog “The Moor next door” wird gezeigt, wie es der algerischen Elite aus Armee und FLN gelang, diese Partei um ihren Finger zu wickeln. So sollten die Sympathisanten der Islamisten eingebunden werden. Dass dies gelang und gelingen kann, ist für “alle” von “Maghreb Politics Review” fraglich. Neben “Kollaboration mit schlechtem Gewissen” und Enthaltung/ Exil nennt er Widerstand als eine der Optionen der ehemaligen FIS-KAder:

Here’s where you find Ali Belhadj, the firestarter of Bab el-Oued, who has refused to accept defeat or to change his tune. He represented the most radical and diehard Salafist element in FIS, precipitously close to the insurgent movements, and today continues to rally Islamist youth in condemnation of Bouteflika as well as of democracy, the West and unveiled women. But he pays dearly for it, too; and his complete marginalization from official politics means he is not a serious threat to the regime — a troublemaker at most. Abdallah Djeballah, who was quoted above, would seem to fit in the same category, even if he is more moderate ideologically and a lot less intransigent tactically. A potential source of instability would be to see such hardliners pool their resources, or opt for a return to militancy, but both things are unlikely today. However, should the regime liberalize significantly and again allow demonstrations (now banned under emergency laws), they could presumably create serious street pressure. Islamist populism remains a potentially very powerful mobilizing force among Algeria’s urban poor. This is of course precisely the reason why demonstrations remain banned: it is the one venue of nonviolent popular discontent that the regime fears it cannot peacefully contain.

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